Class II Injection Wells
If you are new to FracTracker.org, our coverage of Class II injection is thorough and growing. There are over 150,000 injection wells in the U.S. A break down by state is available from the US EPA.
Class II underground injection wells are a major disposal pathway for liquid oil and gas exploration and production wastes. Much of the solid waste from oil and gas wells will end up in landfills or other types of impoundments, as well as spread on the surface (called land-spreading).
Class II Wastes Include:
- Produced water
- Drilling fluids
- Spent well treatment or stimulation fluids
- Pigging wastes
- Gas plant wastes (including Amine and Cooling tower blowdown)
For disposal, the majority of the liquid is pressed from the solid waste and re-injected back into the ground into Class II injection wells. These liquids are a combination of drilling mud compounds, hydraulic fracturing chemicals, well cleansing acids, and formation fluids. These fluids can be high in naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs), hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and other toxics. Such a disposal process is regulated by the U.S. EPA’s underground injection control program, with primacy (authority) granted to states to regulate permitting (COGCC in Colorado, DOGGR in California, RRC in Texas, PADEP in Pennsylvania, Ohio EPA in Ohio, etc.).
This is all outlined in Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Subpart C on Exempt Waste. But because RCRA’s exempt status here is based on the relationship of the waste to exploration and production operations, and not on the chemical nature of the waste, it is possible for an exempt waste and a non-exempt hazardous waste to be chemically very similar.
More Information
The following page showcases all of our website’s content about Class II injection wells, a method for disposing of oil and gas waste deep in the ground.
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Data Downloads
Class II injection well data available for download. Listed alphabetically below:
AL Class II & SWD Injection Wells
Class II and Salt Water Disposal (SWD) wells in Alabama as of April 2016
AR Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Arkansas as of April 2016
CA Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in California as of April 2016
CO Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Colorado as of April 2016
FL Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Florida as of April 2016
KS Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Kansas as of April 2016
IL Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Illinois as of April 2016
IN Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Indiana as of April 2016
KY Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Kentucky as of April 2016
LA Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Louisiana as of April 2016
MI Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Michigan as of April 2016
MS Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Mississippi as of April 2016
MT Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Montana as of April 2016
NB Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Nebraska as of April 2016
NM Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in New Mexico as of April 2016
OH Class II Wells - AD
Annual Disposal (AD) Class II injection wells in Ohio as of April 2016
OH Class II Wells - EOR
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Class II injection wells in Ohio as of April 2016
OH Class II Wells - TAAD
Temporarily Abandoned Annular Disposal (TAAD) data for Class II wells in Ohio as of April 2016
OH Class II Wells - SM
Salt Mining (SM) Class II injection wells in Ohio as of April 2016
OH Class II & SWD Wells
Class II and Salt Water Disposal wells in Ohio as of April 2016
OH Class II & SWD Well Volumes
Volumes of waste received by Class II and Salt Water Disposal wells in Ohio as of April 2016
OK Class II Wells
Waste disposal wells in Oklahoma as of April 2016
OK Class II Well Volumes & Totals
Volumes and totals from waste disposed into Class II wells from 2011-2015 in Oklahoma, uploaded February 2017
PA & VA Class II Wells
Waste disposal wells in Pennsylvania and Virginia as of April 2016
TN Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Tennessee as of April 2016
UT Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Utah as of April 2016
WV Class II Wells
Waste disposal wells in West Virginia as of April 2016
WY Class II Injection Wells
Waste disposal wells in Wyoming as of April 2016